For debate, what did Jesus preach that was not already provided by devout observance of Judaism? How was his message different than that or any reforming Jew of the day?
I can't really speak for anyone else, however, as you quoted,
Luk 16:31Â And he said unto him, If they hear not Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded, though one rose from the dead.Â
He obviously expected that they would hold onto what was taught by Moses and the Prophets... so He wasn't discounting that, nor were the Apostles, contrary to popular opinion. But what He brought to the table was an expanse of the Commandments of God. He took them beyond do this.... don't do that, and expounded on them, in that Adultery begins in the head and if you're day dreaming about it, you're already guilty. Christ let them know that the whole game is what is going on in your head. Its all the things you hold in your heart that defile a man. It wasn't just a matter of trying not to say bad things, it was a matter of not thinking them. It was to learn not to harbor things like animosity... it was an expansion of the Law of God. But the Law of God wasn't absent of those principles.
Lev_19:14Â Thou shalt not curse the deaf, nor put a stumblingblock before the blind, but shalt fear thy God: I am the LORD.
You don't make fun of those who can't hear you. You don't trip a blind guy to entertain yourself.
Exo_22:21Â Thou shalt neither vex a stranger, nor oppress him: for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.
You don't take advantage of those who don't speak your language or grasp your customs.
Lev 25:35Â And if thy brother be waxen poor, and fallen in decay with thee; then thou shalt relieve him: yea, though he be a stranger, or a sojourner; that he may live with thee.Â
Lev 25:36Â Take thou no usury of him, or increase: but fear thy God; that thy brother may live with thee.Â
Lev 25:37Â Thou shalt not give him thy money upon usury, nor lend him thy victuals for increase.Â
You help the poor and those who struggle without expecting to take advantage of him.
Lev_23:22Â And when ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not make clean riddance of the corners of thy field when thou reapest, neither shalt thou gather any gleaning of thy harvest: thou shalt leave them unto the poor, and to the stranger: I am the LORD your God.
You provide a way for the poor to feed themselves.
Christ came to expound on GOD's law, not Jewish traditions.
Mat_23:23Â Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye pay tithe of mint and anise and cummin, and have omitted the weightier matters of the law, judgment, mercy, and faith: these ought ye to have done, and not to leave the other undone.
Which were often put
above God's law.
Mar_7:11Â But ye say, If a man shall say to his father or mother, It is Corban, that is to say, a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me;
But he did not free anyone from God's law, as he told the people in the presence of the Temple leaders, do what they bid you to do, but do not be the hypocrites they are.
Mat 23:2Â Saying, The scribes and the Pharisees sit in Moses' seat:Â
Mat 23:3Â All therefore whatsoever they bid you observe, that observe and do; but do not ye after their works: for they say, and do not.Â
He also came to announce the coming Kingdom of God and how to be a part of it.
Mat_4:17Â From that time Jesus began to preach, and to say, Repent: for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.
Mat_7:21Â Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of heaven; but he that doeth the will of my Father which is in heaven.
Mar_1:14Â Now after that John was put in prison, Jesus came into Galilee, preaching the gospel of the kingdom of God,
And he came that they all might know the Father,
Mat 11:27Â All things are delivered unto me of my Father: and no man knoweth the Son, but the Father; neither knoweth any man the Father, save the Son, and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him.Â
Just Father, the world, also, knew Thee not, yet I knew Thee. And these know that Thou dost commission Me." And I make known to them Thy name, and I shall make it known, that the love with which Thou lovest Me may be in them, and I in them." (John 17:25-26)
Joh 1:18Â No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him
But, by and large, his message was not so different... As Paul told Timothy,
But continue thou in the things which thou hast learned and hast been assured of, knowing of whom thou hast learned them; And that from a child thou hast known the holy scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus. All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works. (2 Timothy 3:14-17)
The only scripture that existed at that time, was the Old Testament and Paul said it was profitable for Doctrine, Reproof, Correction, Instruction in Righteousness to make a man perfect and thoroughly furnished to good works.
Soj