No disagreement there.jmac2112 wrote:The word metaphysics, going by its etymology, means "beyond the physical". It can also mean "after the Physics", referring to its location in the corpus of Aristotelian writings, but even so, the first definition seems more apt.
This ‘begs the question’ – where does the mind exist. It is clearly not ‘in’ the physical but, I suggest, is dependent on it. I think the mind does not conform to the physical but rather conforms what it observes of the physical into a ‘perception’.jmac2112 wrote: Are there any atheists or agnostics who believe that 1) the universe exists independently of their own minds (i.e. there is actually a physical world to which the mind conforms when it knows),
At the risk if repeating myself....I have a particular view of the ‘whole’…
In Ghost in the Machine Koestler coined the term ‘holon’ – a whole part. For example, the letter ‘a’ is a whole in and of itself. It is also part of another ‘whole’, known as a word – ‘am’. It is also part of a phrase “I am…� or a sentence, a paragraph, a book and so on. If you were to destroy the letter ‘a’ it would severely compromise those other ‘wholes’ which depend on the existence of ‘a’.
We tend to see ‘existence’ as a whole when it is really a holon, made up of other holons. As physical entities, we, our physical ‘selves’, are made up of atoms and molecules. These nuts and bolts of existence ‘inhabit’ what has been called the physiosphere. From the perspective of the physiosphere we are no different from any other ‘inhabitant’ made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen etc. We are ‘one with the universe’. According to one view of modern cosmology, the physiosphere started out as simple sub-atomic particles which over a long period of time underwent a ‘complexification’ – it evolved into more complex structures.
At some point this complexification led to the emergence of ‘life’. Life brought about the emergence of the next holon – the biosphere. All living matter – or those aspects that make it ‘living’ are inhabitants of the biosphere. From the perspective of the biosphere we are no different from any other ‘inhabitant’ with a biomechanical system supporting it. Again we are ‘one with the universe’.
This biomechanical system evolved a neural network which laid the ground for the emergence of consciousness which on becoming more complex emerged as a self-awareness – a consciousness that not only knows but knows that it knows. Perhaps the very first question that arose on the emergence of this phenomenon was “Who am I?� This sphere of mental activity is the noosphere – from wiki… “For Teilhard [de Chandon], the noosphere is best described as a sort of 'collective consciousness' of human-beings. It emerges from the interaction of human minds. The noosphere has grown in step with the organization of the human mass in relation to itself as it populates the earth. As mankind organizes itself in more complex social networks, the higher the noosphere will grow in awareness.� Think of the connectivity of thought we have access to in comparison to our previous generations and it is easy to see the continued evolution of this sphere.
I am not aware of a ‘reality’ beyond the physical that is also independent of the human mind.jmac2112 wrote: and 2) there is a reality beyond the physical that is also independent of the human mind, and to which the mind conforms when it knows?
I would qualify this somewhat by commenting that the sense of an individual human mind is a construct in consciousness. That consciousness, however, is dependent on the physical/biological for its ability to emerge.
An analogy I have used before is consciousness is like a movie screen on which the story that is the individual human mind is projected.