Can science not tell us what happens after we die?

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OccamsRazor
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Can science not tell us what happens after we die?

Post #1

Post by OccamsRazor »

In another thread Joe Blackbird made the following statement:
Joe Blackbird wrote:No one knows what caused life or what happens after we die, not science, not religion
Is this correct? I feel that science can tell us quite accurately what happens to our body after we die. Am I correct or am I unfairly dismissing the notion of a 'soul'?

Ultimately, it seems that both science and religion (specifically formal religion) each describe in very detailed terms what happens when you die. Does this make the statement invalid or do I misunderstand the nature of Joe's assertion?

The question is: Can science not tell us what happens after we die?

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McCulloch wrote:Even if we were, that would not equate to a person's post-death existence. Dynamical systems and attractor basins are mathematical models not souls. If our personalities were determined by such mathematical models, then free will is an illusion since these mathematical models are deterministic.
The basins we fall into are deterministic topologies, but the reason we fall into a particular basin is not. We have a choice to move out of certain topological territories if we understand them to be wrong and evil. However, once we begin to stray into certain topological wastelands, we fall into a ditch and there's no one to pull us out. We end up instantiating that attractor in human form, although it was our free will decision to do so. The lesson? If one is straying away from God, they have a choice to leave that topological territory, and then be close to God. So everyone do it! Pursue a close relationship with God. Everyone has a choice, and they ought to come out of the wasteland that they find themselves in. Unfortunately, for many it is too late in that they have already allowed themselves to stray too far into a ditch, and they have already begun the deep-seated process of identifying themselves as a particular soul which is in opposition to God.
McCulloch wrote:Would you say that there is a different attractor basin for each soul? Or like the sunflowers and the fibonacci sequence there is really only one model which explains the pattern.
There is probably one attractor basin that descibes the human soul, for brevity let's call it the "son of Adam" attractor. However, that's not to say that each sunflower is identical or that there might be myriads of other sub-attractors that exhibit patterns which instantiate other mathematical patterns which are just too complex for us to identify.
McCulloch wrote:If human personalities work as you seem to describe, then there really would be only one (incredibly complex) mathematical model to describe all human personalities and the personalities would be different due to different initial conditions. Determinism again.
It's only determinism if the initial conditions themselves are deterministic, but that's the premise that we don't have to accept.

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Post #32

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McCulloch wrote:But they are not describing human souls as Platonic ideals.
Souls are part of the hierarchy of Being:
The nature of Platonism evolved a great deal even during classical antiquity as it was continued by the Academy, the Alexandrian School, by Plotinus, Proclus, and their successors. The alterations and the systematization of Platonism by these thinkers constituted Neo-Platonism. The most complete of these and probably of all philosophical systems is that of the pagan Plotinus. Its essential concept is that of a hierarchy of being emanating from the godhead. Plotinus' supreme triad consists of (1) the One, morally identified with the Good, transcendent and ultimately unknowable, approachable if at all through negative theology; (2) the ideas or essences, emanating from the ultimate source of all, the One; and (3) the world soul which expresses the divine creative power in the world of natural objects. The material world itself is a shadowy reflection of the celestial world; pure matter itself is next to nonbeing. Corresponding conversely to this downward path of creation is the upward thrust of cognition. Even higher than man's rational, discursive knowledge stands the intuitive knowledge of the intelligences (or minds); the One is above knowledge.
While not identical, Ficino's Neo-Platonic love theory is strikingly similar to that of the dolce stil nuovo and Dante's Divine Comedy. Since Petrarch's poetry was strongly influenced by the stil nuovo, it is not always possible to separate Renaissance Platonism from the heritage of medieval Platonizing in poets such as Lorenzo de' Medici, Angelo Poliziano, Girolamo Benivieni, Michelangelo Buonarroti, and a host of others. Both Dante and Ficino believe in a Neo-Platonic hierarchy of being which includes God, intelligences, souls, and bodies.
McCulloch wrote:So were many great thinkers and theorists. That does not make them wrong about other things.
It seems that you have moved over from the agnostic camp to the atheist camp, is that true?

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Post #33

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harvey1 wrote:
HughDP wrote:...this is all very interesting but is there any reason why this must be the case rather than, say, the fact that at death the personality simply ceases to exist? Why must some representation of personality exist eternally?
If we are forced to admit that the world behaves according to the laws of dynamical systems, and mathematics is needed to describe the topology of a state space of such a system, then it seems to me that we are forced to equate an attractor basin as an explanation as to why a particular personality formed.
Okay, so neurones reinforce one another to create a personality imprint which is conceptualised with this attractor model rather than a purely mechanistic one.

Let's say I accept that. I still don't see how that has anything to do with what happens to that personality after death. As I see it, the attractor model just describes how a certain self-organisation might occur within our brain, but surely once the brain dies that self-organisation stops.

I am missing the relevance to any continuation after death.
Hugh wrote:I just think that in order to give it more consideration we something that leads us towards considering it in the first place. The simplest solution is that all remnants of personality simply cease to exist and I think we need some reason beyond desire to justify the need for an explanation beyond that.
I think we need to consider exemplification as a cause for particular physical phenomena because we see so much of it. For example, there's many mathematical structures that exhibit themselves in the natural world, so it would seem to suggest that physical implementation of these structures holds an enormous advantage to the system that takes on those structures.
Sorry, I just can't see that. I cannot see the 'advantage' (to what?). I think we're in danger of getting to a point of esoteria where we could justify anything.

I still think it's easier to just die.
I contend that we are both atheists. I just believe in one fewer god than you do. When you understand why you dismiss all the other possible gods, you will understand why I dismiss yours. (Stephen Roberts)

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Post #34

Post by Cathar1950 »

There was this outer limits program where they took people and transferred them to another planet. They did this by coping all their atoms and reassembled them at the destination. Once they were confirmed there, they destroyed the old person.
As it turned out there was a mix up and they didn’t confirm until after the original person had awoke. They then had to destroy her original. Needless to say she didn’t want to die.
But is it really the same person or an exact copy and if one died wouldn’t the person live on? Even if one of them died there seems to be an identity that is continuous even though one died.
Let us say God is the memory of the universe. Everything is remembered by God and is present. We have perished so God reconstitutes us. But is it really we that are recreated?
This would be recognition of a material universe with souls being memory of identity with out appealing to dualism. Something is going to remember me as a new creation but is it Memorex or me?
Maybe it is easier to just die. Of course I am just speculating.

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Post #35

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HughDP wrote:Okay, so neurones reinforce one another to create a personality imprint which is conceptualised with this attractor model rather than a purely mechanistic one. Let's say I accept that. I still don't see how that has anything to do with what happens to that personality after death. As I see it, the attractor model just describes how a certain self-organisation might occur within our brain, but surely once the brain dies that self-organisation stops. I am missing the relevance to any continuation after death.
Again, I can only give you my speculative view on this...

The notion behind all of this is that once the identity relation between us and our soul exists, then God has a complete structure by which to keep or discard. If the soul structure pleases God, then God can put that soul into superposition of heavenly experiences (for example). God cannot do this prior since prior to living the soul has no reference. The reference is what confirms that something is the case. So, for example, if I said that "John is sleeping," this proposition doesn't mean anything unless there is a person named John who is indeed sleeping. Likewise, if there is a soul proposition that exists without a reference, there's no meaning in that proposition. There's no way to judge that proposition for its truth value. So, in order for God to act, God must wait until the universe has instantiated all the souls that God intends to be instantiated in this universe. After all the identitities are complete, then God can judge the entire universe for its truth worthiness.
Hugh wrote:
I think we need to consider exemplification as a cause for particular physical phenomena because we see so much of it. For example, there's many mathematical structures that exhibit themselves in the natural world, so it would seem to suggest that physical implementation of these structures holds an enormous advantage to the system that takes on those structures.
Sorry, I just can't see that. I cannot see the 'advantage' (to what?). I think we're in danger of getting to a point of esoteria where we could justify anything. I still think it's easier to just die.
You don't see mathematical structures in nature? The sunflower has the fibonacci sequence, do you think it's a coincidence?

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Post #36

Post by McCulloch »

harvey1 wrote:It seems that you have moved over from the agnostic camp to the atheist camp, is that true?
I do not believe that there are any supernatural beings. I believe that most hypothetical supernatural beings are self-contradictory in nature and therefore can be disproven. I believe that those few which are not self-contradictory lack evidence, but that does not necessarily disprove their existence. I'll let you apply the appropriate label.
Examine everything carefully; hold fast to that which is good.
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The truth will make you free.
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Post #37

Post by HughDP »

harvey1 wrote:
HughDP wrote:Okay, so neurones reinforce one another to create a personality imprint which is conceptualised with this attractor model rather than a purely mechanistic one. Let's say I accept that. I still don't see how that has anything to do with what happens to that personality after death. As I see it, the attractor model just describes how a certain self-organisation might occur within our brain, but surely once the brain dies that self-organisation stops. I am missing the relevance to any continuation after death.
Again, I can only give you my speculative view on this...

The notion behind all of this is that once the identity relation between us and our soul exists, then God has a complete structure by which to keep or discard. If the soul structure pleases God, then God can put that soul into superposition of heavenly experiences (for example). God cannot do this prior since prior to living the soul has no reference. The reference is what confirms that something is the case. So, for example, if I said that "John is sleeping," this proposition doesn't mean anything unless there is a person named John who is indeed sleeping. Likewise, if there is a soul proposition that exists without a reference, there's no meaning in that proposition. There's no way to judge that proposition for its truth value. So, in order for God to act, God must wait until the universe has instantiated all the souls that God intends to be instantiated in this universe. After all the identitities are complete, then God can judge the entire universe for its truth worthiness.
Okay, thanks for your interesting theory.

I'll give you my own speculative view.

We have evolved this complex organ called a brain that enables us to be self-aware, to conceptualise etc. The idea of personality is invented by our brain in order to categorise and classify various traits of ourselves and other people. Our own personailty becomes part of our sense of self, and this is a powerful illusion that we're not keen to let go of. Hence the idea of an afterlife is something else we create so that we can imagine the self going on past our bodily life.

Unfortunately, personality really is just an illusion - a collection of neurones and chemical reactions in our brain (maybe even working on the attractor basin model) - and when the body dies, the brain dies too and that sense of self/personailty disappears.

At first look this appears a bit disconcerting because our sense of self is extremely strong, but once we truly recognise it as an illusion created by our brains rather than any real seperate thing, it becomes less disconcerting and we can begin to see death for what it is. No self dies because no self existed in the first place.

Because all that's now left is our body, we can come full circle and say that there is, in fact, a continuation. Our body's constituents don't disappear when we die, they just rearrange.

I think science backs up that proposition so, in answer to the original question: yes, science can tell us what happens after we die. The only fuss there has ever been about the question is because we've started off on the wrong foot with certain premises about personality, identity and self.
Hugh wrote:
I think we need to consider exemplification as a cause for particular physical phenomena because we see so much of it. For example, there's many mathematical structures that exhibit themselves in the natural world, so it would seem to suggest that physical implementation of these structures holds an enormous advantage to the system that takes on those structures.
Sorry, I just can't see that. I cannot see the 'advantage' (to what?). I think we're in danger of getting to a point of esoteria where we could justify anything. I still think it's easier to just die.
You don't see mathematical structures in nature? The sunflower has the fibonacci sequence, do you think it's a coincidence?

Yes, I see mathematical structures in nature. I don't find this surprising because we use mathematics to describe nature.
I contend that we are both atheists. I just believe in one fewer god than you do. When you understand why you dismiss all the other possible gods, you will understand why I dismiss yours. (Stephen Roberts)

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Post #38

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harvey1 wrote:The lesson? If one is straying away from God, they have a choice to leave that topological territory, and then be close to God. So everyone do it! Pursue a close relationship with God. Everyone has a choice, and they ought to come out of the wasteland that they find themselves in. Unfortunately, for many it is too late in that they have already allowed themselves to stray too far into a ditch, and they have already begun the deep-seated process of identifying themselves as a particular soul which is in opposition to God.
Am I the only person to find this deeply offensive? Despite all your speculation there is nothing certain about the existence of God so I think you ought to show a little more respect for those who see the universe as an unplanned arena. I see an admirable degree of restraint in those who have taken the trouble to question your highly speculative suggestions and I think they deserve better in return. I don't think evangelism is appropriate in the Science and Religion forum.

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Post #39

Post by Cathar1950 »

I keep getting this idea from Harvey that the universe (God) is mathematics in principle. It is like you are saying nature is trying to follow mathematical rules in some platonic sense. You seem to have an assumption of dualism.

Harvey:
You don't see mathematical structures in nature? The sunflower has the fibonacci sequence, do you think it's a coincidence?
We chase or follow reality (sunflowers) with our mathematics. If they did not conform to the structure we would abandon our mathematics and create one that did follow the rules.

QED:
Am I the only person to find this deeply offensive?
A little bit. It makes me feel uneasy. What strikes me as odd is how the ontological argument, after it has been narrowed down to “the” organizing principle, is equated to God therefore eliminating atheism while turning it into a person that becomes the triune God. Plato’s God is not the same as YHWH or Christ as God incarnate. Even if Western thought is helplessly caught in Plato’s grip. I have been to busy with these notions that I didn’t even notice the evangelism. But I could see it coming.

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Post #40

Post by harvey1 »

QED wrote:Am I the only person to find this deeply offensive? Despite all your speculation there is nothing certain about the existence of God so I think you ought to show a little more respect for those who see the universe as an unplanned arena. I see an admirable degree of restraint in those who have taken the trouble to question your highly speculative suggestions and I think they deserve better in return. I don't think evangelism is appropriate in the Science and Religion forum.
I apologize to you and the others who also felt offended. You're right, I shouldn't use rhetoric to make my point despite the emotion that sometimes carries me away in my arguments. Actually, if I remember right, the reason why I felt like I needed to slip this paragraph in was because I felt that sometimes we look at free will as if the "Now" is not related to the power our free will actually possesses to make decisions of this sort. I suppose in my mind I wanted to communicate not just my interest in evangelizing, but also, and perhaps more so, the need to see how free will actually works in the here and now with our own individual issues with regard to spirituality and God. I thought that if I can show that free will is more than an intellectual argument, but a personal one that even affects those who might not believe we have free will, then perhaps this would communicate better on why it is that we have free will.

Anyway, I slipped, and I apologize.

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